From what I understand, at least on TV, commercials are legally not allowed to be louder than the show they appear on.
I really hate the inconsistency of volume/loudness on Youtube. I'll be watching a video then boom, 2 or 3 times louder, a commercial pops up. I constantly have to lower the volume during commercials and then have to increase again for the video.
Does the law for TV not apply to Youtube? Is YouTube not an MVPD?
For reference, the CALM Act is the law governing this: https://www.fcc.gov/media/policy/loud-commercials